Webster's English Dictionary

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deduction

de.duc.tion \di-'d*k-sh*n\ \-'d*k-tiv\ n 1a: an act of taking away  1b: the 
   deriving of a conclusion by reasoning; specif : inference i n which the 
   conclusion follows necessarily from the premises 2a: a conclusion reached 
   by mental deduction  2b: something that is or may be subtracted {~s from 
   taxable i ncome} : ABATEMENT - de.duc.tive aj